- Direct contact with contaminated surfaces.
- Fecal-oral route.
- Airborne droplets that remain suspended in the air.
- Vector-borne transmission.
No category found.
- Only the edges of the field are considered sterile.
- Anything that touches the sterile field and is not sterile is considered contaminated.
- Surgical masks are not necessary when working with a sterile field.
- Sterile fields can be prepared hours in advance.
- Unicellular fungi.
- Multicellular worms.
- Single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms.
- Non-living infectious agents.
- Pathology
- Physiology
- Epidemiology
- Immunology
- Also have cell walls that are affected.
- Have a different type of cell wall.
- Lack a cell wall.
- Have a cell membrane that is resistant to the antibiotic.
- Primary pathogens
- Obligate pathogens
- Opportunistic pathogens
- Virulent pathogens
- Eukaryote
- Prokaryote
- Virus
- Fungus
- Direct contact
- Indirect contact
- Droplet transmission
- Airborne transmission
- Antigens
- Pathogens
- Antibodies
- Toxins
- Gram-negative rods
- Acid-fast bacilli
- Gram-positive cocci
- Spirochetes
- Eliminates all forms of microbial life.
- Reduces the number of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects.
- Renders an object free of all microorganisms.
- Inactivates bacterial spores.
- Using an alcohol-based hand rub for extended time.
- Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water.
- Using antiseptic wipes only.
- Wearing double gloves.
- Developing a thicker cell wall that prevents antibiotic entry.
- Altering the antibiotic's target site.
- Producing enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic.
- All of the above.
- Adaptive immunity
- Innate immunity
- Passive immunity
- Humoral immunity
- Budding
- Binary fission
- Spore formation
- Sexual reproduction
- Photosynthesis
- Phagocytosis
- Absorption
- Chemosynthesis
- Community-acquired infection
- Opportunistic infection
- Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
- Localized infection
- Reducing the number of microorganisms on living tissue.
- Eliminating all microorganisms, including spores.
- Reducing the number of microorganisms on inanimate objects.
- Inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
- Are single-celled organisms that can reproduce independently.
- Possess both DNA and RNA simultaneously.
- Require a living host cell for replication.
- Are easily treated with standard antibiotics.
