- A statement that predicts a relationship between variables.
- A statement that there is no relationship or difference between variables.
- The researcher's personal opinion.
- The main finding of the study.
Category: Nursing Research
- Quantitative data collection
- Experimental design
- Qualitative data collection
- Descriptive statistics
- Participant recruitment
- Intervention fidelity
- Data interpretation
- Ethical approval
- To do good and maximize benefits.
- To do no harm or minimize harm.
- To treat all participants fairly.
- To respect participants' autonomy.
- ANOVA
- Chi-square test
- T-test
- Regression analysis
- A peer-reviewed journal article from 5 years ago.
- A textbook chapter from 10 years ago.
- A clinical practice guideline based on recent systematic reviews.
- An anecdotal report from a colleague.
- Errors in data analysis.
- A systematic difference between the participants selected for a study and the target population, or between treatment groups.
- A researcher's personal opinion.
- The difficulty in recruiting participants.
- Patient recruitment
- Research funding
- Post-market surveillance and drug safety profiles
- Data analysis complexity
- The ability to generalize findings to other settings.
- The consistency of the findings over time and across researchers.
- The accuracy of the interpretations.
- The relevance of the study to clinical practice.
- Patient-reported pain scores
- Different dosages of pain medication
- Patient age
- Gender of patients
- Participants behaving differently because they know they are being watched.
- The researcher's expectations or preconceived notions unintentionally influencing the observation or interpretation of data.
- The loss of participants from a study.
- Errors in statistical calculation.
- Expert opinion
- Cohort study
- Randomized controlled trial
- Case report
- To publish the final findings.
- To outline the plan for a research study for approval and funding.
- To analyze the data.
- To present the study's conclusions.
- The number of patients who need to experience an adverse event.
- The number of patients who need to be treated for one patient to benefit from an intervention.
- The total number of patients in a study.
- The number of treatments given per patient.
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- To test a specific hypothesis.
- To generalize findings to a large population.
- To investigate a little-understood phenomenon or problem to gain preliminary insights.
- To establish cause-and-effect relationships.
- Patients mistakenly believe they are receiving a guaranteed beneficial treatment, rather than being part of a research study with uncertain outcomes.
- Researchers misinterpret ethical guidelines.
- Patients believe they are being harmed by the research.
- Researchers are forced to provide therapy.
- Repeating a study with the same participants.
- Conducting a new study to confirm the findings of a previous study using similar methods.
- Publishing the same study in multiple journals.
- Analyzing data multiple times.
- Randomized controlled trial
- Cohort study
- Case study
- Survey research
