- it does not require growing large quantities of live virus or cells
- the mRNA molecule is very stable at room temperature
- it provides immunity that lasts for a lifetime after one dose
- the injection is completely painless
Category: Biology etea medical mcqs
- DNA in the nucleus
- mRNA transcripts of that gene in the cytoplasm
- proteins produced by that gene
- ribosomal RNA
- mRNA vaccine
- viral vector vaccine
- recombinant subunit vaccine
- inactivated vaccine
- toxoid vaccine, using an inactivated form of the toxin
- live-attenuated bacterial vaccine
- whole-cell killed bacterial vaccine
- subunit vaccine using the bacteria's flagella
- modified, harmless virus
- bacterial plasmid
- synthetic nanoparticle
- red blood cell
- rapid, unlimited growth (from the myeloma cell) and specific antibody production (from the B-cell)
- being able to infect host cells and produce antigens
- being very small and being able to produce RNA
- rapid growth and the ability to produce any type of protein
- cut DNA at specific sequences
- synthesize DNA from an RNA template
- join two pieces of DNA together
- replicate DNA at high temperatures
- using monoclonal antibodies to find the disease proteins
- analyzing the patient's DNA for the presence of the specific gene mutation
- prescribing a therapeutic drug to see if it works
- creating a vaccine against the disease
- often provide a weaker immune response and may require adjuvants and multiple booster shots
- are much more dangerous for immunocompromised individuals
- can revert to a pathogenic form
- take much longer for the body to clear
- introduce a working ADA gene into their bone marrow stem cells
- provide them with daily injections of the ADA enzyme for the rest of their life
- create a vaccine against their own immune cells
- use monoclonal antibodies to suppress their immune system
- immunotherapy
- gene therapy
- immunodiagnostics
- a subunit vaccine
- becoming permanently infected with the virus
- taking up the DNA plasmid and using it to produce the foreign antigen
- producing antibodies directly from the DNA code
- rejecting the foreign DNA immediately
- allergic reactions to the protein
- transmitting blood-borne diseases like HIV and hepatitis from contaminated donor blood
- the treatment being ineffective
- the high cost of the treatment
- protein level
- cellular level
- genetic level
- organ system level
- the vaccine contains a wide variety of different antigens
- the vaccine is composed of only one or a few purified antigens from the pathogen
- the vaccine is mixed with a powerful adjuvant
- the vaccine is given in a very large dose
- finding the correct gene to use
- delivering the gene into the correct cells and having it expressed properly without causing side effects
- getting patients to agree to the treatment
- producing enough of the therapeutic gene in the lab
- using a naturally weak strain of the pathogen
- killing the pathogen with heat or chemicals so it can no longer replicate, but its antigens remain intact
- using only a small piece of the pathogen
- using a related but harmless virus
- are more closely related to humans than bacteria are
- can produce large quantities of protein at a low cost
- can grow in any environment without water or light
- are resistant to all forms of contamination
- stimulate the growth of new bone marrow
- identify and remove specific cells, such as cancerous cells or T-cells that could cause rejection, from the donor marrow
- act as a general anesthetic during the procedure
- diagnose if the patient needs a transplant
