- The gradual change in species over generations, with common ancestry.
- Organisms losing complexity over time.
- Direct inheritance of acquired traits.
- The sudden appearance of new species without ancestors.
Category: Biology etea medical mcqs
- Amino acids.
- Sugars.
- Purines and pyrimidines.
- Fully functional proteins or nucleic acids.
- Individual fish consciously adapted to the pollution.
- Fish inherited acquired detoxification abilities from their parents.
- Fish with pre-existing higher toxin tolerance survived better and reproduced more.
- The pollution directly caused favorable mutations in all fish.
- Lamarck focused on populations, Darwin on individuals.
- Lamarck proposed directed change, Darwin proposed undirected variation acted upon by selection.
- Lamarck believed in extinction, Darwin did not.
- Lamarck emphasized genetic mutations, Darwin emphasized environmental influence.
- Species are immutable and unchanging.
- New species arise directly from the environment.
- Organisms adapt to their specific environments through natural selection.
- Acquired characteristics are passed down through generations.
- Be born with stronger, more efficient running muscles.
- Develop stronger muscles only with similar training.
- Show a decrease in intelligence due to focus on physical activity.
- Exhibit no inherent changes in physical prowess related to parental training.
- Organs that are used more frequently become stronger and larger.
- Unused organs are shed from the organism.
- Only organs used in reproduction can be inherited.
- Genetic mutations lead to changes in organ size.
- Lightning was not a powerful enough energy source.
- The atmosphere may not have been as reducing as initially thought.
- There were no oceans for the "primordial soup" to form.
- Organic molecules would have been too unstable to persist.
- Directly absorb energy from sunlight.
- Synthesize their own inorganic compounds.
- Harness energy from chemical reactions to sustain themselves.
- Migrate to new environments for survival.
- The first true prokaryotic cells.
- Self-assembled, membrane-bound sacs of organic molecules, believed to be precursors to living cells.
- Cells that developed the ability to photosynthesize.
- The simplest forms of eukaryotic cells.
- All finches will learn to eat the hard seeds, and their beaks will strengthen.
- Finches with smaller, weaker beaks will reproduce more successfully.
- Finches with larger, stronger beaks will be favored, leading to an increase in their proportion in the population.
- The entire finch population will die out due to starvation.
- Descent with modification.
- Common ancestry.
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics.
- Struggle for existence.
- Ensures that all individuals are identical.
- Provides the raw material upon which selection can act.
- Eliminates the struggle for existence.
- Guarantees the survival of every individual.
- Inheritance of acquired characters.
- Survival of the fittest.
- Mutation as the sole source of variation.
- Conscious striving for perfection.
- Individual bacteria would acquire resistance by adapting to the antibiotic and pass this resistance to their offspring.
- Random mutations would arise, making some bacteria resistant, which then survive and reproduce.
- The antibiotic would cause bacteria to become more susceptible to other antibiotics.
- Bacteria would actively choose to become resistant.
- The appearance of highly efficient photosynthetic organisms.
- The development of complex nervous systems.
- The formation of self-replicating molecules.
- The migration of organisms from water to land.
- They would grow naturally taller and less bushy.
- They would inherit the tendency to be shorter and bushier.
- They would show increased resistance to diseases.
- Their fruit production would significantly decrease.
- Enhanced synthesis of amino acids.
- Inhibition or destruction of newly formed organic molecules.
- Formation of complex proteins from simple amino acids.
- The experiment would have accurately simulated modern Earth conditions.
- Complex multicellular organisms.
- Autotrophic prokaryotes that performed photosynthesis.
- Heterotrophic prokaryotes that obtained nutrients from the environment.
- Eukaryotic cells with membrane-bound organelles.
