185. A critical situational clinical trial reports that a new drug for a chronic condition is statistically significant, but the observed effect size is very small (e.g., 0.1% improvement). What is the urgency for a biostatistician to contextualize this finding?

  • To immediately recommend the drug.
  • To urgently explain that while statistically significant, the clinical relevance of such a small effect size is questionable and might not justify the drug's cost or side effects.
  • To only focus on the p-value.
  • To assume statistical significance equals clinical importance.
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